Skip to main content Designs software architecture and selects appropriate patterns for projects. Use when designing systems, choosing architecture patterns, structuring projects, making technical decisions, or when asked about microservices, monoliths, or architectural approaches.
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Designing Architecture
When to Load
Trigger : System design, module structure, new project scaffolding, choosing architecture patterns
Skip : Simple bug fixes or minor code changes that don't affect architecture
Architecture Decision Workflow
Copy this checklist and track progress:
Architecture Design Progress:
- [ ] Step 1: Understand requirements and constraints
- [ ] Step 2: Assess project size and team capabilities
- [ ] Step 3: Select architecture pattern
- [ ] Step 4: Define directory structure
- [ ] Step 5: Document trade-offs and decision
- [ ] Step 6: Validate against decision framework
Pattern Selection Guide
By Project Size
Size Recommended Pattern Small (<10K LOC) Simple MVC/Layered Medium (10K-100K) Clean Architecture Large (>100K) Modular Monolith or Microservices
By Team Size
1-3 devs Monolith with clear modules 4-10 devs Modular Monolith 10+ devs Microservices (if justified)
Common Patterns
1. Layered Architecture ┌─────────────────────────────┐
│ Presentation │ ← UI, API Controllers
├─────────────────────────────┤
│ Application │ ← Use Cases, Services
├─────────────────────────────┤
│ Domain │ ← Business Logic, Entities
├─────────────────────────────┤
│ Infrastructure │ ← Database, External APIs
└─────────────────────────────┘
Use when : Simple CRUD apps, small teams, quick prototypes
2. Clean Architecture ┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Frameworks & Drivers │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ Interface Adapters │ │
│ │ ┌─────────────────────┐ │ │
│ │ │ Application │ │ │
│ │ │ ┌─────────────┐ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ Domain │ │ │ │
│ │ │ └─────────────┘ │ │ │
│ │ └─────────────────────┘ │ │
│ └─────────────────────────────┘ │
└─────────────────────────────────────┘
Use when : Complex business logic, long-lived projects, testability is key
3. Hexagonal (Ports & Adapters) ┌──────────┐
│ HTTP API │
└────┬─────┘
│ Port
┌────────▼────────┐
│ │
│ Application │
│ Core │
│ │
└────────┬────────┘
│ Port
┌────▼─────┐
│ Database │
└──────────┘
Use when : Need to swap external dependencies, multiple entry points
4. Event-Driven Architecture Producer → Event Bus → Consumer
│
├─→ Consumer
│
└─→ Consumer
Use when : Loose coupling needed, async processing, scalability
5. CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation) ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐
│ Commands │ │ Queries │
│ (Write) │ │ (Read) │
└──────┬──────┘ └──────┬──────┘
│ │
▼ ▼
Write Model Read Model
│ │
└────────┬───────────┘
▼
Event Store
Use when : Different read/write scaling, complex domains, event sourcing
Directory Structure Patterns
Feature-Based (Recommended for medium+) src/
├── features/
│ ├── users/
│ │ ├── api/
│ │ ├── components/
│ │ ├── hooks/
│ │ ├── services/
│ │ └── types/
│ └── orders/
│ ├── api/
│ ├── components/
│ └── ...
├── shared/
│ ├── components/
│ ├── hooks/
│ └── utils/
└── app/
└── ...
Layer-Based (Simple apps) src/
├── controllers/
├── services/
├── models/
├── repositories/
└── utils/
Decision Framework When making architectural decisions, evaluate against these criteria:
Simplicity - Start simple, evolve when needed
Team Skills - Match architecture to team capabilities
Requirements - Let business needs drive decisions
Scalability - Consider growth trajectory
Maintainability - Optimize for change
Trade-off Analysis Template Use this template to document architectural decisions:
## Decision: [What we're deciding]
### Context
[Why this decision is needed now]
### Options Considered
1. Option A: [Description]
2. Option B: [Description]
### Trade-offs
| Criteria | Option A | Option B |
| ---------------- | -------- | -------- |
| Complexity | Low | High |
| Scalability | Medium | High |
| Team familiarity | High | Low |
### Decision
We chose [Option] because [reasoning].
### Consequences
- [What this enables]
- [What this constrains]
Validation Checklist After selecting an architecture, validate against:
Architecture Validation:
- [ ] Matches project size and complexity
- [ ] Aligns with team skills and experience
- [ ] Supports current requirements
- [ ] Allows for anticipated growth
- [ ] Dependencies flow inward (core has no external deps)
- [ ] Clear boundaries between modules/layers
- [ ] Testing strategy is feasible
- [ ] Trade-offs are documented
If validation fails, reconsider the pattern selection or adjust the implementation approach.
Create or update AgentSkills. Use when designing, structuring, or packaging skills with scripts, references, and assets.
Create or update AgentSkills. Use when designing, structuring, or packaging skills with scripts, references, and assets.
Set up and use 1Password CLI (op). Use when installing the CLI, enabling desktop app integration, signing in (single or multi-account), or reading/injecting/running secrets via op.
CLI to manage emails via IMAP/SMTP. Use `himalaya` to list, read, write, reply, forward, search, and organize emails from the terminal. Supports multiple accounts and message composition with MML (MIME Meta Language).
Create or update AgentSkills. Use when designing, structuring, or packaging skills with scripts, references, and assets.
Create or update AgentSkills. Use when designing, structuring, or packaging skills with scripts, references, and assets.
Set up and use 1Password CLI (op). Use when installing the CLI, enabling desktop app integration, signing in (single or multi-account), or reading/injecting/running secrets via op.
CLI to manage emails via IMAP/SMTP. Use `himalaya` to list, read, write, reply, forward, search, and organize emails from the terminal. Supports multiple accounts and message composition with MML (MIME Meta Language).