AWS CloudWatch monitoring for logs, metrics, alarms, and dashboards. Use when setting up monitoring, creating alarms, querying logs with Insights, configuring metric filters, building dashboards, or troubleshooting application issues.
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Amazon CloudWatch provides monitoring and observability for AWS resources and applications. It collects metrics, logs, and events, enabling you to monitor, troubleshoot, and optimize your AWS environment.
Time-ordered data points published to CloudWatch. Key components:
AWS/Lambda)Invocations)FunctionName=MyFunc)Log data from AWS services and applications:
Automated actions based on metric thresholds:
AWS CLI:
# CPU utilization alarm for EC2
aws cloudwatch put-metric-alarm \
--alarm-name "HighCPU-i-1234567890abcdef0" \
--metric-name CPUUtilization \
--namespace AWS/EC2 \
--statistic Average \
--period 300 \
--threshold 80 \
--comparison-operator GreaterThanThreshold \
--evaluation-periods 2 \
--dimensions Name=InstanceId,Value=i-1234567890abcdef0 \
--alarm-actions arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:123456789012:alerts \
--ok-actions arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:123456789012:alerts
boto3:
import boto3
cloudwatch = boto3.client('cloudwatch')
cloudwatch.put_metric_alarm(
AlarmName='HighCPU-i-1234567890abcdef0',
MetricName='CPUUtilization',
Namespace='AWS/EC2',
Statistic='Average',
Period=300,
Threshold=80.0,
ComparisonOperator='GreaterThanThreshold',
EvaluationPeriods=2,
Dimensions=[
{'Name': 'InstanceId', 'Value': 'i-1234567890abcdef0'}
],
AlarmActions=['arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:123456789012:alerts'],
OKActions=['arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:123456789012:alerts']
)
aws cloudwatch put-metric-alarm \
--alarm-name "LambdaErrorRate-MyFunction" \
--metrics '[
{
"Id": "errors",
"MetricStat": {
"Metric": {
"Namespace": "AWS/Lambda",
"MetricName": "Errors",
"Dimensions": [{"Name": "FunctionName", "Value": "MyFunction"}]
},
"Period": 60,
"Stat": "Sum"
},
"ReturnData": false
},
{
"Id": "invocations",
"MetricStat": {
"Metric": {
"Namespace": "AWS/Lambda",
"MetricName": "Invocations",
"Dimensions": [{"Name": "FunctionName", "Value": "MyFunction"}]
},
"Period": 60,
"Stat": "Sum"
},
"ReturnData": false
},
{
"Id": "errorRate",
"Expression": "errors/invocations*100",
"Label": "Error Rate",
"ReturnData": true
}
]' \
--threshold 5 \
--comparison-operator GreaterThanThreshold \
--evaluation-periods 3 \
--alarm-actions arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:123456789012:alerts
# Find errors in Lambda logs
aws logs start-query \
--log-group-name /aws/lambda/MyFunction \
--start-time $(date -d '1 hour ago' +%s) \
--end-time $(date +%s) \
--query-string '
fields @timestamp, @message
| filter @message like /ERROR/
| sort @timestamp desc
| limit 50
'
# Get query results
aws logs get-query-results --query-id <query-id>
boto3:
import boto3
import time
logs = boto3.client('logs')
# Start query
response = logs.start_query(
logGroupName='/aws/lambda/MyFunction',
startTime=int(time.time()) - 3600,
endTime=int(time.time()),
queryString='''
fields @timestamp, @message
| filter @message like /ERROR/
| sort @timestamp desc
| limit 50
'''
)
query_id = response['queryId']
# Wait for results
while True:
result = logs.get_query_results(queryId=query_id)
if result['status'] == 'Complete':
break
time.sleep(1)
for row in result['results']:
print(row)
Extract metrics from log patterns:
# Create metric filter for error count
aws logs put-metric-filter \
--log-group-name /aws/lambda/MyFunction \
--filter-name ErrorCount \
--filter-pattern "ERROR" \
--metric-transformations \
metricName=ErrorCount,metricNamespace=MyApp,metricValue=1,defaultValue=0
import boto3
cloudwatch = boto3.client('cloudwatch')
cloudwatch.put_metric_data(
Namespace='MyApp',
MetricData=[
{
'MetricName': 'OrdersProcessed',
'Value': 1,
'Unit': 'Count',
'Dimensions': [
{'Name': 'Environment', 'Value': 'Production'},
{'Name': 'OrderType', 'Value': 'Standard'}
]
}
]
)
cat > dashboard.json << 'EOF'
{
"widgets": [
{
"type": "metric",
"x": 0, "y": 0, "width": 12, "height": 6,
"properties": {
"title": "Lambda Invocations",
"metrics": [
["AWS/Lambda", "Invocations", "FunctionName", "MyFunction"]
],
"period": 60,
"stat": "Sum",
"region": "us-east-1"
}
},
{
"type": "log",
"x": 12, "y": 0, "width": 12, "height": 6,
"properties": {
"title": "Recent Errors",
"query": "SOURCE '/aws/lambda/MyFunction' | filter @message like /ERROR/ | limit 20",
"region": "us-east-1"
}
}
]
}
EOF
aws cloudwatch put-dashboard \
--dashboard-name MyAppDashboard \
--dashboard-body file://dashboard.json
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
aws cloudwatch put-metric-data | Publish custom metrics |
aws cloudwatch get-metric-data | Retrieve metric values |
aws cloudwatch get-metric-statistics | Get aggregated statistics |
aws cloudwatch list-metrics | List available metrics |
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
aws cloudwatch put-metric-alarm | Create or update alarm |
aws cloudwatch describe-alarms | List alarms |
aws cloudwatch set-alarm-state | Manually set alarm state |
aws cloudwatch delete-alarms | Delete alarms |
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
aws logs create-log-group | Create log group |
aws logs put-log-events | Write log events |
aws logs filter-log-events | Search log events |
aws logs start-query | Start Insights query |
aws logs put-metric-filter | Create metric filter |
aws logs put-retention-policy | Set log retention |
Causes:
Debug:
# List metrics for a namespace
aws cloudwatch list-metrics \
--namespace AWS/Lambda \
--dimensions Name=FunctionName,Value=MyFunction
Causes:
Debug:
# Check if metric has data
aws cloudwatch get-metric-statistics \
--namespace AWS/Lambda \
--metric-name Invocations \
--dimensions Name=FunctionName,Value=MyFunction \
--start-time $(date -d '1 hour ago' -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ) \
--end-time $(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ) \
--period 60 \
--statistics Sum
Causes:
Debug:
# Check log streams
aws logs describe-log-streams \
--log-group-name /aws/lambda/MyFunction \
--order-by LastEventTime \
--descending \
--limit 5
Check usage:
# Get PutLogEvents usage
aws cloudwatch get-metric-statistics \
--namespace AWS/Logs \
--metric-name IncomingBytes \
--dimensions Name=LogGroupName,Value=/aws/lambda/MyFunction \
--start-time $(date -d '7 days ago' -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ) \
--end-time $(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ) \
--period 86400 \
--statistics Sum
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