Build real-time API monitoring dashboards with metrics, alerts, and health checks.
Use when tracking API health and performance metrics.
Trigger with phrases like "monitor the API", "add API metrics", or "setup API monitoring".
Build real-time API monitoring with metrics collection (request rate, latency percentiles, error rates), health check endpoints, and alerting rules. Instrument API middleware to emit Prometheus metrics or StatsD counters, configure Grafana dashboards with SLO tracking, and implement synthetic monitoring probes for uptime verification.
Prerequisites
Prometheus + Grafana stack, or Datadog/New Relic/CloudWatch for metrics and dashboards
Metrics client library: prom-client (Node.js), prometheus_client (Python), or Micrometer (Java)
Alerting channel configured: PagerDuty, Slack webhook, or email for alert routing
Synthetic monitoring tool: Checkly, Uptime Robot, or custom cron-based health probes
Instructions
Examine existing middleware and logging setup using Grep and Read to identify current observability coverage and gaps.
Implement metrics middleware that records per-request data: http_request_duration_seconds histogram (with method, path, status labels), http_requests_total counter, and http_requests_in_flight gauge.
Create a /health endpoint returning structured health status including dependency checks (database connectivity, cache availability, external service reachability) with response time for each.
Add a /ready endpoint separate from health that returns 503 during startup initialization and graceful shutdown, for load balancer integration.
Build Grafana dashboard panels: request rate (QPS), p50/p95/p99 latency, error rate percentage, active connections, and per-endpoint breakdown.
Define alerting rules: error rate > 5% for 5 minutes (critical), p99 latency > 2s for 10 minutes (warning), health check failure for 3 consecutive probes (critical).
Implement synthetic monitoring that sends periodic requests to critical endpoints from external locations, measuring availability and latency from the consumer perspective.
Add SLO tracking with error budget calculation: define SLO (99.9% availability, p95 < 500ms), compute burn rate, and alert when error budget consumption exceeds projected pace.
See ${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/implementation.md for the full implementation guide.
${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/monitoring/slo.yaml - SLO definitions and error budget configuration
Error Handling
Error
Cause
Solution
Metrics cardinality explosion
High-cardinality labels (user ID, request ID) on metrics
Use bounded label values only (method, status code, endpoint group); aggregate user-level data in logs
Health check false positive
Health endpoint returns 200 but dependent service is degraded
Include dependency checks with individual status; use structured response with degraded state
Alert fatigue
Too many low-severity alerts firing during normal operations
Tune alert thresholds using historical baselines; implement alert grouping and deduplication
Dashboard data gap
Metrics not collected during deployment rollout window
Configure Prometheus scrape interval < deployment duration; use push-based metrics during deploys
SLO miscalculation
Error budget calculation uses wrong time window or includes planned maintenance
Exclude maintenance windows from SLO calculation; align window with business reporting period
Refer to ${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/errors.md for comprehensive error patterns.
Examples
RED method dashboard: Request rate, Error rate, and Duration panels per endpoint, with drill-down from overview to individual endpoint detail, including top-10 slowest endpoints by p99.
SLO-based alerting: Define 99.9% availability SLO with 30-day rolling window, alert when 1-hour burn rate exceeds 14.4x (consuming daily error budget in 1 hour), with PagerDuty escalation.
Dependency health matrix: Dashboard showing real-time health status of all downstream dependencies (database, cache, external APIs) with latency sparklines and circuit breaker state indicators.
See ${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/examples.md for additional examples.
Resources
Google SRE Book: Monitoring Distributed Systems chapter