Next.js App Router principles. Server Components, data fetching, routing patterns.
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Principles for Next.js App Router development.
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│
├── useState, useEffect, event handlers
│ └── Client Component ('use client')
│
├── Direct data fetching, no interactivity
│ └── Server Component (default)
│
└── Both?
└── Split: Server parent + Client child
| Type | Use |
|---|---|
| Server | Data fetching, layout, static content |
| Client | Forms, buttons, interactive UI |
| Pattern | Use |
|---|---|
| Default | Static (cached at build) |
| Revalidate | ISR (time-based refresh) |
| No-store | Dynamic (every request) |
| Source | Pattern |
|---|---|
| Database | Server Component fetch |
| API | fetch with caching |
| User input | Client state + server action |
| File | Purpose |
|---|---|
page.tsx | Route UI |
layout.tsx | Shared layout |
loading.tsx | Loading state |
error.tsx | Error boundary |
not-found.tsx | 404 page |
| Pattern | Use |
|---|---|
Route groups (name) | Organize without URL |
Parallel routes @slot | Multiple same-level pages |
Intercepting (.) | Modal overlays |
| Method | Use |
|---|---|
| GET | Read data |
| POST | Create data |
| PUT/PATCH | Update data |
| DELETE | Remove data |
| Type | Use |
|---|---|
| Static export | Fixed metadata |
| generateMetadata | Dynamic per-route |
| Layer | Control |
|---|---|
| Request | fetch options |
| Data | revalidate/tags |
| Full route | route config |
| Method | Use |
|---|---|
| Time-based | revalidate: 60 |
| On-demand | revalidatePath/Tag |
| No cache | no-store |
| ❌ Don't | ✅ Do |
|---|---|
| 'use client' everywhere | Server by default |
| Fetch in client components | Fetch in server |
| Skip loading states | Use loading.tsx |
| Ignore error boundaries | Use error.tsx |
| Large client bundles | Dynamic imports |
app/
├── (marketing)/ # Route group
│ └── page.tsx
├── (dashboard)/
│ ├── layout.tsx # Dashboard layout
│ └── page.tsx
├── api/
│ └── [resource]/
│ └── route.ts
└── components/
└── ui/
Remember: Server Components are the default for a reason. Start there, add client only when needed.
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